SALINA OCNELE MARI
History
The mines salt in large operation was done in ancient times, telling the discovery
in this area a significant number of axes-mining hammer belonging to the Neolithic Age cultures,
Bronze and First Iron Age.
On the exploitation of salt in Ocnele Mari has developed a strong community, starting as early as
ancient times until today, when much of the county-s economy depends on the operation of salt from Ocnele Mari.
Free Dacians along Pira Sarat an entire system of settlements and fortifications whose focal point seems
be important settlement of the Great-Cosota the mines, whose inhabitants, probably dealt with
exploitation and marketing of salt.
According to archaeological discoveries here they are famous tribal center "Buridava"
By the early 1960s, a local teacher, George Mosteanu, discovered incidentally, in a garden to
the point Cosota, some pots of clay, different from those in the Valley Bradului, located up the hill. Notify department
Valcea museum district, and noted there is a large archaeological deposit. Revenue from the Faculty of History
Bucharest University, Professor Dumitru Berciu, decide to open an archaeological site and is surprised to
noted the discovery of an ancient Dacian fortress over 2000 years, called the city Buridava (in translation city
Boer), Greek historian Ptolemy mentioned in his writings.
In the city Buridava was discovered where a necropolis has been found in archaeological objects such as:
jugs, cups and Dressers of burnt clay and a large underground grain storage, built in tuful limestone of the hill.
Near these remains is a fountain, which is said, in a local legend, it would have been built since
times removed and that the pipes of burnt clay tiles, would be fed downstream settlements. Legend was in
largely confirmed, as they have found a series of sewer tile clay, and even above 200 m there is a
out of flowing water fountain. Fountain itself has a special construction, introduce the fact that a river
Collector underground, large enough, which has a narrow opening for water to be taken with a ciutura with its sweep.
But the most important discovery is a ceramic with an inscription "BUR", which could now name
Buridava or even Burebista. Also on the ground a bit of pot were found scratched inscriptions "REB" and "
MARK "They thought ducindu us with the Geto-Dacians.
But it seems important inscription on a clay vase, Basileo Thamarcos Epoiei, which proved to be a local king
contemporary with the Roman Emperor Octavian Augustus.
Salt exploitation in the area, continued during the Roman conquest, the Roman camp from evidence Stolniceni,
which was built to control this area. After winning Romanian, salt was extracted and sold
benefit of community.
In the Middle Ages salt exploitation has great importance, becoming the royal monopoly.
A special avint gain operation of the Greater Ocnele during the reign of Constantin Brancoveanu,
The mines salt from Greater become an important source, brings in income.
Since the eighteenth century, is mentioned in all its important time in the Romanian lands.
Operation of salt from Ocnele Mary is unique and the most important in south-western Romania (hence the name
The mines of Great).
In the early eighteenth century to dig the first big mouth SALINA OCNELE MARI on the left side instead of Piriului Sarat
called "Carpinis", but that collapse after a short period of operation. Immediately open another mouth to mine,
the same scale at 1 km away from the first, but the collapse and it remains in its place a salty lake called "The
Firs.
On property Eforiei Civil Hospitals in the early nineteenth century, the mine to dig two holes 400 m away from
the above. From these openings reassigned and separated with a wattle extract salt to 15 years, after which,
land because it is salty lake surface collapse leaving that exists today called "Red Pond,
Name the first duty of bacteria and worms iodofagi crowd.
There were open and above other exploitation, to Ocnita, on the left bank and right Piriului Sarat, but in
time have collapsed.
Systematic exploitation of deposits began in mid-nineteenth century Ocnita area (old salt mines).
The first salt Systematized (Mina "St. John Old"), opened in 1836, operation was done in rooms with profile
ogival (mines bell shaped), having between two pillars of support rooms and two wells with crivace. Wells is
called St. John the Old "and" Saint Nicholas, the salt being exploited open until 1895. Mine
had five rooms, embankments, beginning with the year 1950.
Digging up the shaft "at New Sf.Ion, two mines were opened, nesistematizate, who collapsed at
surface forming the lakes.
In 1891 work began on shaft "Sf.Ion the New" and in 1894 began operating the mine
"Sf.Ion the New". Mine had 4 rooms ogival central, being located "at New Putul Sf.Ion" which was equipped with a
steam extraction machine, the first installed in the country. Operation continued until 1957 when a mine
was closed due to subsidence.
After digging the shaft "Sf.Petru" (1926 - 1936), in 1937 the mine OPENING "Paul" (Later it was called
Mine "May 1"), where the operation was done with corrugated 8 rooms (chambers I, II, III and IV open in 1936
and chambers V, VI, VII and VIII, opened in 1944).
For the first time in the country, in mine "Sf.Petru" is shown that the method of operating performance is
use of coal-cutting machine for cutting, drilling and blasting with explosives.
To ensure aerajului was digging a well. Operation of the mine was made until 1963 when it was
finally stopped, the mine was flooded and Surpata. From this salt was extracted about 3.8 million tonnes of salt
Gema.
From 1959 until present Ocnele Large deposits is operated by two methods of operation, the wet
dissolution kinetics - in the hole and about dry - underground in Salina Ocnele Mari.
In 1993 work began on the new salt mine in Ocnele Maria in Cocenesti point.
Mine is taking place at the two horizons - the horizon 210 horizon 226 and method of operation
the rooms are small and square landing, the current method of operating the most modern in the world.
Complete exploitation of the horizon in the west wing 226 has allowed underground planning a landmark.
This includes recreational areas, playgrounds, a museum with exhibits that show the ancient history of the area
times till today, not least, the largest underground church in Romania.
Specific investments that landmark will continue, so that they become in later years, one of
the biggest targets in Europe.
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